Return of the Worms

Immunologists and parasitologists are working to revive the idea that helminths, and more specifically the molecules they secrete, could help treat allergies and autoimmune disease.

Written byCatherine Offord
| 37 min read
3D illustration of a tapeworm infestation in a human intestine
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In the middle of 2020, Alex Loukas deliberately infected himself with intestinal worms. The procedure was pretty straightforward: he used a Band-Aid to press a few larvae of the New World hookworm (Necator americanus) gently onto his forearm, and waited for the microscopic critters to burrow on in. Although it wasn’t painful, exactly, he describes a tingly feeling like “little tiny electric shocks as these guys go through your skin,” he says. “It’s intensely itchy for a number of days and then that resolves.” Some people who undergo this process experience stomach discomfort when the worms arrive in the gut, where they will grow up to 1 cm long, but many “will then never have any other clue that they’re infected.”

There were several reasons that Loukas wanted the parasitic worms, or helminths, on board. For one thing, his research at James Cook University in Australia focuses on multiple aspects ...

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Meet the Author

  • After undergraduate research with spiders at the University of Oxford and graduate research with ants at Princeton University, Catherine left arthropods and academia to become a science journalist. She has worked in various guises at The Scientist since 2016. As Senior Editor, she wrote articles for the online and print publications, and edited the magazine’s Notebook, Careers, and Bio Business sections. She reports on subjects ranging from cellular and molecular biology to research misconduct and science policy. Find more of her work at her website.

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December 2021 Cover
December 2021

Return of the worms

Researchers are carefully considering the therapeutic potential of helminths

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